X.420-448


 * //Aeneid// X.420-448**



**420 quem sic Pallas petit ante precatus:** Whom Pallas seeks/aims for having thus prayed before: //quem: Halaesus, a Latin warrior//

**'da nunc, Thybri pater, ferro, quod missile libro,** Grant now, father Tiber, to my weapon, which send-able I balance, //Thybri: vocative// //ferro: metonymy//

**fortunam atque viam duri per pectus Halaesi.** fortune and a way through the breast of hard Halaesus. //fortunam atque viam: hendiadys = "a lucky path"//

**haec arma exuviasque viri tua quercus habebit.'** Your oak will have these arms and the spoils of the man.' //quercus = feminine! (all trees are)//

**audiit illa deus; dum texit Imaona Halaesus,** the god heard those (words/vows); while Halaesus protected Imaon, //illa: acc. pl. neuter//

**425 Arcadio infelix telo dat pectus inermum.** he (Halaesus), unlucky, gives his unarmed chest to the Arcadian spear. //chiasmus: Arcadio (A) telo (B) pectus (B) inermum (A) (adj/noun)//

**At non caede viri tanta perterrita Lausus,** But Lausus, a great part of the war, does not desert (//sinit//)

**pars ingens belli, sinit agmina: primus Abantem** his lines/troops, terrified by the so great slaughter of the man: first he kills //pars ingens: apposition with Lausus//

**oppositum interimit, pugnae nodumque moramque.** Abas facing him, both a knot and delay of battle. //(I think this means Abas was immovable in battle - a knot is something that's hard to get past and thus causes delay)//

**sternitur Arcadiae proles, sternuntur Etrusci** The offspring of Arcadia is laid low, the Etruscans are laid low //sternitur/sternuntur: polyptoton (Barbara calls it anaphora), asyndeton//

**430 et vos, o Grais imperdita corpora, Teucri.** and you Trojans, o bodies not destroyed by the Greeks. //apostrophe// //Grais: dative of agent// //corpora: synecdoche// //chiasmus: vos (A) imperdita (B) corpora (B) Teucri (A)//

**agmina concurrunt ducibusque et viribus aequis;** The battle lines run together with both leaders and troops/men (being) equal; //ducibus et viribus aequis: abl. abs.//

**extremi addensent acies nec turba moveri** the edges thicken the lines of battle and the crowd does not allow

**tela manusque sinit. hinc Pallas instat et urget,** spears and hands to be moved. Here Pallas presses on and urges,

**hinc contra Lausus, nec multum discrepat aetas,** here Lausus in return, nor does their age differ much, //hinc... hinc: anaphora, asyndeton//

**435 egregii forma, sed quis Fortuna negarat** distinguished in beauty, but to whom Fortune had denied //quis = quibus// //negarat = negaverat//

**in patriam reditus. ipsos concurrere passus** return(s) to the fatherland. The ruler of great Olympus, however, //passus (est)// **haud tamen inter se magni regnator Olympi;** did not allow they themselves to come together in battle among themselves;

**mox illos sua fata manent maiore sub hoste.** soon their own fates await them under a greater enemy.

**interea soror alma monet succedere Lauso** Meanwhile the loving sister warns Turnus to approach/help //Lauso: dat. with succedere//

**440 Turnum, qui volucri curru medium secat agmen.** Lausus, (Turnus) who cuts the middle of the battle line with a swift chariot. //synchesis: volucri (adj) curru (noun) medium (adj) agmen (noun)//

**ut vidit socios: 'tempus desistere pugnae;** As he saw his allies (he said): "(It is) time to cease from battle; //pugnae: dat. with desisto//

**solus ego in Pallanta feror, soli mihi Pallas** I alone am born against Pallas, Pallas is owed to me //Pallanta... Pallas: polyptoton// //soli: dat. sing.//

**debetur; cuperem ipse parens spectator adesset.'** alone; I wish his parent/father himself were present as a spectator." //parens = Evander, Pallas' dad//

**haec ait, et socii cesserunt aequore iusso.** He said these (words), and his allies withdrew with the plain having been ordered. //iusso: transferred epithet (grammatically modifies aequore but the socii were the ones that were ordered//

**445 at Rutulum abscessu iuvenis tum iussa superba** But at the withdrawal of the Rutulians the young man, having then wondered at //Rutulum = Rutulorum// //Rutulians: Turnus's tribe// //iuvenis: Pallas//

**miratus stupet in Turno corpusque per ingens** the proud commands, is stupefied at Turnus and

**lumina volvit obitque truci procul omnia visu,** rolls his eyes over/along his huge body and surveys everything from afar with his fierce gaze,

**talibus et dictis it contra dicta tyranni:** and with such words he goes against the words of the tyrant: